3G is short for third-generation technology. It is mostly used in the context of cell phones. The services associated with 3G provide the ability to transfer both voice data (a telephone call) and non-voice data (such as downloading information, exchanging email, and instant messaging).
In marketing 3G services, video telephony (which means you can talk on your cell phone and at the same time see the other person you are talking with live) has often been used as the main application for 3G. A certain euphoria was created, which led to huge spectrum-licensing fees in many countries, especially in Europe, where spectrum auctions generated many billions of euros for the respective countries. Since these spectrum licensing fees were collected many years before any income could be expected from 3G business, and since enormous investments are necessary to build the 3G networks, many telecommunication operators got into great financial difficulties. These difficulties greatly delayed 3G roll-out in all countries except Japan and South Korea, where such spectrum licensing fees were avoided since priority was set on national IT infrastructure development.
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